Non-Primate Monocytes - CD14, CD16 - Ziegler-Heitbrock

Patrolling monocytes sense peripheral infection and induce cytokine-mediated neuronal dysfunction.

Abstract

During bacterial or viral infections, besides feeling a general malaise, we can become sleepy, have unpredictable mood swings, and start to lose interest in things. Our concentration can be impaired and we may experience memory deficits. This ‘sickness behavior’1 is transient in otherwise healthy individuals. However, in the aged or diseased brain, maladaptive responses to systemic infections may promote neurodegeneration2. It is well known that the peripheral innate immune system communicates with the brain by means of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β and TNF-α1.